Charge A Deep Cycle Battery While Driving: Effective Steps For RV Batteries [Updated On- 2025]

To charge a deep cycle battery while driving, use a DC-DC charger. This charger provides efficient, fast charging and includes built-in safety features to prevent overcharging. It is compatible with smart alternators, ensuring safe and reliable management of your leisure battery during your journey.

First, check the battery’s state of charge before your trip. Next, connect the battery’s positive and negative terminals to your RV’s power system using suitable wires. Monitor the voltage to prevent overcharging; the ideal range is between 13.2 to 14.6 volts. Additionally, installing a battery isolator can protect your vehicle’s starter battery from draining.

To optimize charging efficiency, engage your vehicle in high-load conditions. This means using appliances that draw power from the deep cycle battery, prompting the alternator to work harder and provide more charge.

By following these steps, you can ensure your deep cycle battery remains charged throughout your journey.

Understanding how to monitor battery levels effectively is crucial. In the next section, we will explore the best practices for keeping track of your battery’s health and managing its lifecycle efficiently.

# Table of Contents

What is a Deep Cycle Battery and Why Do I Need One While Driving?

A deep cycle battery is a type of rechargeable battery designed to provide sustained power over an extended period. It allows for frequent deep discharges, unlike standard car batteries, which are meant for short bursts of energy.

The definition of a deep cycle battery aligns with the insights shared by the Battery Council International, which describes these batteries as designed for repeated cycling and deep discharge applications.

Deep cycle batteries are built to endure a range of discharge cycles. They have thicker plates and a denser active material compared to regular batteries. This design enables them to deliver a steady voltage for longer intervals, making them ideal for applications like electric vehicles, solar energy storage, and recreational vehicles.

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, deep cycle batteries are essential for powering devices that require prolonged and consistent power output, such as motors and appliances in RVs.

Driving conditions, the demand for auxiliary power, and outdoor activities contribute to the need for deep cycle batteries. These batteries support various electrical systems that power lights, refrigerators, and heating in vehicles.

Data from the International Energy Agency indicate that demand for electric and hybrid vehicles will rise significantly, with a projection of over 130 million electric vehicles on the roads by 2030.

Deep cycle batteries can contribute positively by enabling greater energy efficiency and reducing carbon footprints through support for alternative energy sources.

The impact of using deep cycle batteries touches on environmental sustainability, promoting the use of renewable energy and reducing reliance on fossil fuels.

Examples include the usage of deep cycle batteries in off-grid solar systems that lessen carbon emissions and enhance energy independence.

To optimize the use of deep cycle batteries, experts recommend regular maintenance and proper charging practices. The U.S. Department of Energy emphasizes adhering to manufacturer guidelines to enhance battery lifespan and performance.

Strategies include using smart chargers that prevent overcharging, investing in solar battery management systems, and utilizing regenerative braking in electric vehicles to extend battery life.

What Are the Benefits of Charging a Deep Cycle Battery While Driving?

Charging a deep cycle battery while driving offers significant benefits, enhancing battery life and performance.

Maintains battery charge
Extends battery lifespan
Supports auxiliary systems
Increases overall efficiency
Provides convenience during long trips

Charging a deep cycle battery while driving improves battery reliability and usability for various applications. Understanding these benefits is important for users who rely on deep cycle batteries for RVs, boats, or solar systems.

Maintains Battery Charge:
Charging a deep cycle battery while driving helps maintain its charge. Deep cycle batteries are designed for repeated discharge and recharge cycles. Keeping the battery charged prevents it from reaching a critically low voltage, which can damage the battery. According to the Battery Council International (BCI), a battery maintained at a proper charge level can last significantly longer and operate more efficiently.
Extends Battery Lifespan:
Charging a deep cycle battery while driving can extend its lifespan. A well-maintained battery can last from 4 to 10 years, depending on usage and care. Regular charging during driving reduces sulfation, where lead sulfate crystals build up on the battery plates. Sulfation can lead to decreased capacity and battery failure. Research conducted by the University of Minnesota indicates that a battery maintained with regular charging has improved performance metrics and a longer service life.
Supports Auxiliary Systems:
Charging a deep cycle battery while driving supports various auxiliary systems in vehicles. This includes powering electronics like refrigerators, lights, and inverters in RVs or boats. With a charged battery, users can enjoy comforts and conveniences without worrying about draining the main vehicle battery. Case studies from RV owners emphasize that a charged deep cycle battery contributes to an overall smoother travel experience.
Increases Overall Efficiency:
Charging a deep cycle battery while driving increases overall efficiency. It ensures that auxiliary power systems run smoothly, reducing the likelihood of needing emergency measures during a trip. Studies conducted by recreational vehicle organizations show that users who kept their batteries charged during travel reported fewer maintenance issues and unexpected battery failures.
Provides Convenience During Long Trips:
Charging a deep cycle battery while driving provides convenience during long trips. Drivers can avoid downtime stops to charge batteries separately. This seamless energy management allows for continuous use of appliances and devices while on the road. Travel blogs often highlight how charging deep cycle batteries during transit can enhance the overall travel experience for adventure seekers.

What Equipment Do I Need to Charge a Deep Cycle Battery While Driving?

To charge a deep cycle battery while driving, you need a vehicle charging system or an auxiliary battery setup, along with compatible wiring and connections.

Equipment needed:
– Vehicle charging system (alternator)
– Deep cycle battery (gel, AGM, or flooded lead-acid)
– Battery isolator or separator
– Proper wiring (appropriate gauge cables)
– Fuse for safety
– Charge controller (optional)

Understanding how these components work together is essential for effective charging. Let’s examine each piece of equipment in more detail.

Vehicle Charging System:
The vehicle charging system consists mainly of the alternator. The alternator generates electricity while the engine runs. This electricity can charge the deep cycle battery. Many vehicles are designed to allow the alternator to charge multiple batteries at once, improving convenience for users.
Deep Cycle Battery:
A deep cycle battery is designed to provide a steady amount of power over a long period. They differ from regular lead-acid batteries, which deliver short bursts of energy. Deep cycle batteries come in various types, including AGM (Absorbent Glass Mat), gel, and flooded lead-acid. Each type has distinct characteristics, such as varying depths of discharge and efficiency.
Battery Isolator or Separator:
A battery isolator prevents the starting battery from discharging into the deep cycle battery while the vehicle is running. This device allows the deep cycle battery to charge without affecting the cranking power of the starter. A common type is the voltage-sensitive relay, which automatically connects and disconnects the batteries based on their charge levels.
Proper Wiring:
Using the correct gauge wiring is crucial for safety and efficiency. The wiring must be able to handle the current that flows between the alternator and the batteries. Using undersized wire can lead to overheating and failure. It is advisable to consult guidelines on wire gauge based on the distance and current demands.
Fuse for Safety:
Incorporating a fuse into the charging system is essential for safety. The fuse acts as a safeguard to prevent electrical fires or damage from short circuits. It should be rated appropriately for the maximum current expected in the circuit.
Charge Controller (Optional):
A charge controller can be added to regulate the voltage and current going to the deep cycle battery. This device is especially useful if the battery is sensitive to overcharging. It ensures that the battery remains within safe operating conditions during charging.

Together, these components create an efficient and safe system for charging a deep cycle battery while driving. Proper selection and installation of each part optimize battery performance and longevity, ensuring your deep cycle battery remains charged and ready for use.

Which Types of Chargers Are Best for Deep Cycle Batteries in an RV?

The best types of chargers for deep cycle batteries in an RV include smart chargers, multi-stage chargers, and solar chargers.

Smart Chargers
Multi-Stage Chargers
Solar Chargers

To better understand the best types of chargers for deep cycle batteries, we can explore each option in detail.

Smart Chargers: Smart chargers are designed to automatically adjust their charging rates based on the battery’s condition. They optimize the charging process by assessing the battery’s voltage and temperature, ensuring efficient and safe power delivery. According to Battery University, smart chargers can prolong battery life by reducing the risk of overcharging. They are ideal for RV users who want a plug-and-play solution without manual adjustments.
Multi-Stage Chargers: Multi-stage chargers, which include bulk, absorption, and float stages, are effective options for deep cycle batteries. These chargers progress through stages to maximize battery capacity and lifespan. The bulk stage delivers maximum current, while the absorption stage ensures complete charging without overcharging. The float stage maintains charge without damage. The National Marine Electronics Association endorses multi-stage chargers as they improve performance and reduce maintenance needs.
Solar Chargers: Solar chargers utilize renewable energy to charge deep cycle batteries. They are particularly beneficial for RV enthusiasts who often camp off-grid. These chargers convert sunlight into electricity, making them sustainable and cost-effective. The U.S. Department of Energy points out that solar chargers can significantly enhance an RV’s self-sufficiency. They are essential for maximizing battery use during extended trips.

Each charger type has its advantages. Users should choose based on their specific requirements, such as frequency of use, available charging infrastructure, and environmental considerations.

What Additional Accessories Are Essential for Effective Charging During Travel?

The essential accessories for effective charging during travel include a range of devices that ensure your electronic devices stay powered.

Portable power bank
USB car charger
Multi-port wall charger
Solar charger
Power inverter
Charging cables of different types

To explore these accessories further, their functions, benefits, and practical applications must be examined.

Portable Power Bank: A portable power bank is a rechargeable battery pack that stores energy for charging devices on the go. These devices come in various capacities, often ranging from 5,000mAh to over 30,000mAh. For example, a 10,000mAh power bank can charge a smartphone about two to three times before needing a recharge. According to a 2021 report by Statista, 75% of travelers find power banks essential for maintaining device functionality while on the road.
USB Car Charger: A USB car charger plugs into a vehicle’s power outlet to provide a charging port for smartphones and tablets. Many models come with dual or multi-USB ports, allowing for simultaneous charging of multiple devices. A Consumer Reports study in 2020 noted that using a high-quality USB car charger can charge devices faster than standard vehicle USB ports. This accessory is particularly useful during long drives or road trips.
Multi-Port Wall Charger: A multi-port wall charger can charge several devices at once through one outlet. These chargers typically come with three to six ports and support various charging speeds. According to the International Journal of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, using a multi-port charger can reduce energy consumption by consolidating the charging of devices, which is optimal when traveling with multiple gadgets.
Solar Charger: A solar charger harnesses sunlight to power electronic devices. This eco-friendly option is especially useful for camping or outdoor travel. Data from the U.S. Department of Energy indicates that using solar chargers can be a sustainable way to keep devices charged in remote areas. However, they may require several hours of direct sunlight for optimal efficiency.
Power Inverter: A power inverter converts a vehicle’s DC voltage to AC voltage, allowing regular appliances to be used while traveling. This is beneficial for charging laptops or other devices that need an AC outlet. As reported in a 2019 study by the Electric Power Research Institute, power inverters are crucial for those who rely on larger devices while traveling, providing them the flexibility to charge away from traditional power sources.
Charging Cables of Different Types: Having various charging cables, like USB-C, Lightning, and Micro-USB, ensures compatibility with different devices. A study by the Mobile Electronics Association in 2022 emphasized the importance of carrying multiple cables to avoid charging issues with unfamiliar systems like rental cars or shared accommodations.

In summary, using these accessories enhances charging efficiency and convenience during travel, ensuring that essential devices remain operational at all times.

What Steps Should I Follow to Charge a Deep Cycle Battery While Driving?

To charge a deep cycle battery while driving, you should follow a series of systematic steps. These steps ensure that the battery receives adequate power to maintain its charge.

Use a quality battery isolator.
Install an appropriate charging system.
Connect the battery securely.
Monitor the battery voltage.
Ensure the vehicle’s alternator is functioning well.
Avoid overcharging the battery.

Transitioning from these specific steps, it is important to understand each step in detail to ensure success when charging a deep cycle battery while driving.

Use a quality battery isolator:
Using a quality battery isolator separates the deep cycle battery from the starter battery. This prevents the starter battery from being drained while allowing the deep cycle battery to charge. The isolator allows charging to occur when the engine is operational, ensuring that both batteries maintain their function.
Install an appropriate charging system:
Installing a suitable charging system is crucial when charging a deep cycle battery. Many vehicles come equipped with built-in charging systems, but aftermarket options may provide better efficiency. Look for chargers that match the battery’s specifications, as using the wrong type can damage the battery.
Connect the battery securely:
Connecting the battery securely is vital for safety and performance. Use appropriate gauge wires to connect the battery to the charging system. Make sure all terminals are tight and clean to ensure good electrical contact. Loose connections can lead to voltage drops and inefficient charging.
Monitor the battery voltage:
Monitoring the battery voltage while charging helps assess the charging process. A multimeter can be used to measure the voltage at the battery terminals. Most deep cycle batteries should be charged between 12.6 and 14.4 volts. Keeping an eye on this range can prevent overcharging or undercharging.
Ensure the vehicle’s alternator is functioning well:
The vehicle’s alternator produces electricity to charge the battery while driving. If the alternator is not functioning properly, the battery may not receive adequate charge. Regularly check the alternator for wear and ensure it can produce the necessary output for the battery system.
Avoid overcharging the battery:
Avoiding overcharging is crucial to preserving battery life. Install a charge controller if necessary to prevent excess voltage from reaching the battery. Overcharging can lead to overheating and significantly reduce the lifespan of the battery, making management of the charging process essential.

By understanding and implementing these steps, you can effectively charge a deep cycle battery while driving, ensuring optimal performance and longevity of your battery system.

How Should the Battery Be Properly Connected to the RV Charging System?

To properly connect the battery to the RV charging system, you should follow a systematic approach. Connect the positive terminal of the battery to the positive cable from the charging system. Then, connect the negative terminal of the battery to the negative cable from the charging system. This ensures correct polarity, which is vital for safe operation.

When connecting, ensure the following:
– Use cables that are rated for your battery system, typically 6-gauge or larger for a 12-volt system.
– Make sure all connections are tight to prevent any electrical resistance.
– Double-check the battery’s condition; a battery with a low charge or corrosion should be addressed before connecting.

In real-world scenarios, many RV owners rely on their vehicles to charge deep cycle batteries during transit. This method is effective for maintaining battery life. For example, if an RV has two 12-volt batteries wired in parallel, connecting to the charging system should involve ensuring both batteries are equal in charge to allow for balanced charging.

External factors can influence the battery charging process. Temperature can affect battery performance; for instance, cold temperatures reduce battery capacity. Thus, in winter conditions, the charging system may take longer to recharge the battery fully. Additionally, regular maintenance of the battery, such as checking electrolyte levels in lead-acid batteries, plays a critical role in efficiency.

In summary, properly connecting the battery to an RV charging system involves correct terminal connections, appropriate cable sizes, and ensuring battery health. Factors such as temperature and maintenance frequency can also impact performance and charging efficiency. Exploring battery types and their specific requirements can further enhance your understanding of RV battery systems.

What Safety Precautions Should I Take During the Charging Process?

The safety precautions during the charging process involve several key practices.

Use the correct charger for the battery type.
Charge in a well-ventilated area.
Avoid overcharging the battery.
Monitor the charging process.
Wear protective gear.
Keep flammable materials away.
Regularly inspect the battery and cables.

Transitioning from these important points, it is crucial to delve into each precaution to understand their significance fully.

Using the Correct Charger: Using the correct charger for the battery type ensures compatibility and safety. Different batteries, such as lithium-ion or lead-acid, require specific chargers. Using the wrong charger can result in damage, overheating, or even explosion.
Charging in a Well-Ventilated Area: Charging in a well-ventilated area prevents the accumulation of potentially explosive gases. For example, lead-acid batteries emit hydrogen gas during charging. A study published by the Battery Council International (BCI) emphasizes the need for ventilation in enclosed spaces to mitigate the risk of explosions.
Avoiding Overcharging the Battery: Avoiding overcharging the battery protects its lifespan and performance. Overcharging can lead to overheating, battery swelling, and leakage of hazardous materials. Manufacturers often recommend using smart chargers that automatically stop charging when the battery is full.
Monitoring the Charging Process: Monitoring the charging process allows for immediate action if issues arise. Visual checks can help detect abnormal swelling or heat. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), consistent monitoring can prevent hazardous situations during charging.
Wearing Protective Gear: Wearing protective gear, such as gloves and goggles, minimizes risk during handling. Batteries contain corrosive materials and can leak harmful substances. A report by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) highlights the importance of personal protection equipment (PPE) when working with batteries.
Keeping Flammable Materials Away: Keeping flammable materials away from the charging area reduces fire hazards. Batteries can generate sparks and heat, which may ignite nearby materials. The National Electric Code (NEC) advises maintaining a safe distance from ignition sources during charging procedures.
Regularly Inspecting the Battery and Cables: Regular inspections of the battery and its cables ensure they are in good condition. Wear or corrosion can lead to electrical failures and potential hazards. According to an article in the Journal of Power Sources, regular maintenance is essential for safe battery operation and longevity.

What Common Mistakes Should I Avoid When Charging a Deep Cycle Battery While Driving?

When charging a deep cycle battery while driving, it is crucial to avoid common mistakes that can harm the battery’s performance and lifespan. Key mistakes to avoid include:

Ignoring the manufacturer’s recommendations.
Overcharging the battery.
Connecting the battery incorrectly.
Neglecting voltage monitoring.
Using the wrong type of charger.
Failing to balance battery levels.

Understanding these mistakes is important to ensure optimal battery charging and longevity.

Ignoring the Manufacturer’s Recommendations: Ignoring the manufacturer’s recommendations can lead to reduced battery efficiency and life. Each deep cycle battery type has specific charging guidelines. Not following these guidelines can cause damage. For example, AGM and lithium batteries require different charging voltages and currents.
Overcharging the Battery: Overcharging a deep cycle battery can cause overheating and damage to internal components. The battery may lose capacity and even spill electrolyte in flooded batteries. Comprehensive studies, including findings from the Department of Energy, indicate that maintaining charge levels below 14.8 volts for lead-acid batteries is crucial for durability.
Connecting the Battery Incorrectly: Connecting the battery incorrectly can lead to reverse polarity, which may damage the battery and the vehicle’s electrical system. Understanding the positive and negative terminals is essential. Clear labeling and user manuals can help lessen this mistake.
Neglecting Voltage Monitoring: Neglecting voltage monitoring during charging can lead to undercharging or overcharging. A voltmeter can monitor the battery’s voltage and alert you to any issues. Research by the Battery University suggests that maintaining a steady charge around 13.6 to 14.4 volts is ideal for lead-acid batteries.
Using the Wrong Type of Charger: Using the wrong type of charger can cause inadequate charging or battery damage. Chargers designed for different battery types may not provide the correct voltage or current. Always check compatibility before charging, as mistakes can be costly in terms of battery health.
Failing to Balance Battery Levels: Failing to balance battery levels can lead to uneven charging across cells in battery banks. Imbalances can cause premature failure of the weaker batteries. Regular equalization charging can help maintain balance and extend battery life.

Incorporating these considerations can vastly improve battery charging experiences and overall battery health. By following these steps, you can enhance the performance and longevity of your deep cycle battery while ensuring safe operation.

What Maintenance Is Required for Deep Cycle Batteries After Charging While Driving?

The maintenance required for deep cycle batteries after charging while driving includes several key aspects.

Regularly check battery water levels.
Inspect battery terminals for corrosion.
Ensure proper charging voltage.
Monitor temperature during charging.
Clean the battery casing.
Test overall battery health periodically.
Look for physical damage or wear.

These maintenance tasks are crucial for optimal battery performance and longevity.

Regularly Check Battery Water Levels: Regularly checking battery water levels is essential for flooded lead-acid batteries. These batteries require sufficient electrolyte to function properly. The water should be at the recommended level. Low water levels can lead to battery damage and reduced lifespan. It is important to top off with distilled water when levels are low.
Inspect Battery Terminals for Corrosion: Inspecting battery terminals for corrosion is vital in maintaining good electrical connections. Corrosion can restrict the flow of electricity between the battery and the vehicle. It often appears as a white or greenish powder on terminals. Cleaning this corrosion can improve efficiency and prevent starting issues.
Ensure Proper Charging Voltage: Ensuring proper charging voltage is critical for maintaining battery health. Overcharging can result in excessive gassing, leading to electrolyte loss. Undercharging may not fully charge the battery. A voltage gauge can help verify appropriate charging levels, usually between 13.8 to 14.5 volts while driving.
Monitor Temperature During Charging: Monitoring temperature during charging helps to prevent overheating. High temperatures can damage internal components and reduce battery life. Ideal operating temperatures for deep cycle batteries are typically between 50°F and 85°F (10°C and 30°C). Using a thermal monitor can provide accurate temperature readings.
Clean the Battery Casing: Cleaning the battery casing is important to prevent dirt and grime from causing insulation and other issues. A clean battery case also allows for easier identification of any leaks or damage. Use a mixture of baking soda and water to clean the case and rinse it thoroughly.
Test Overall Battery Health Periodically: Testing overall battery health periodically helps identify potential issues before they become serious. Specific gravity tests can reveal the battery’s state of charge. Advanced testers can also gauge the battery’s capacity and provide detailed health assessments.
Look for Physical Damage or Wear: Looking for physical damage or wear is essential for safety and effectiveness. Signs of bloating, cracks, or leaks indicate potential failure. Addressing these issues early can prevent more significant problems down the road, including potential hazards.

Regular maintenance of deep cycle batteries ensures their efficiency and longevity. Following these steps can help users avoid inconvenient failures, ensuring their vehicle operates smoothly.

What Are the Best Practices for Maximizing the Lifespan of a Deep Cycle Battery?

The best practices for maximizing the lifespan of a deep cycle battery include proper charging, regular maintenance, and appropriate storage conditions.

Use a quality charger.
Maintain optimal charging levels.
Avoid deep discharging.
Clean battery terminals regularly.
Store in a cool, dry place.
Monitor electrolyte levels.
Use battery desulfators if needed.
Keep connections tight and secure.
Limit exposure to extreme temperatures.

These practices ensure deeper insights into battery care, which can lead to varying opinions about the best approach. Some advocates stress the importance of modern smart chargers, while others prioritize manual monitoring methods. The debate continues over which practices yield the best longevity.

Use a Quality Charger:
Using a quality charger for a deep cycle battery helps ensure proper charging. A good charger regulates voltage and current, preventing overcharging and damage. Advanced smart chargers can detect battery requirements and adjust accordingly. According to a 2021 study by Battery University, using a smart charger increases the capacity and lifespan of deep cycle batteries by up to 30%, demonstrating the benefits of investing in high-quality charging equipment.
Maintain Optimal Charging Levels:
Maintaining optimal charging levels enhances battery performance. Deep cycle batteries should remain between 50% and 80% charge for best results. A fully charged battery lasts longer and performs better. A report from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory notes that frequent cycling below a 50% charge can significantly shorten battery life.
Avoid Deep Discharging:
Avoiding deep discharging is crucial for battery longevity. Deep cycle batteries are designed for repeated discharge, but deep discharges can cause harm. Research shows that consistently draining batteries below 50% can lead to sulfation, a process where lead sulfate crystals form and reduce capacity. The Electric Power Research Institute indicates that limiting discharges can extend battery life by up to 50%.
Clean Battery Terminals Regularly:
Cleaning battery terminals regularly prevents corrosion and ensures good electrical connections. Corroded terminals can lead to voltage drops and reduced efficiency. The Battery Council International recommends inspecting and cleaning terminals at least twice a year for optimal performance.
Store in a Cool, Dry Place:
Storing deep cycle batteries in a cool, dry place preserves their condition. Extreme temperatures can damage batteries and decrease lifespan. The Battery Life Institute states that ideal storage temperatures are between 40°F and 80°F. High temperatures can lead to increased self-discharge rates and reduced capacity.
Monitor Electrolyte Levels:
Monitoring electrolyte levels is essential for flooded lead acid batteries. These batteries require adequate water to function properly. Low electrolyte levels can lead to overheating and permanent damage. The U.S. Department of Energy recommends checking levels every few months and topping off with distilled water.
Use Battery Desulfators if Needed:
Using battery desulfators can reverse sulfate buildup in lead acid batteries. These devices use high-frequency pulses to break down lead sulfate crystals, restoring capacity. A 2019 study by the Journal of Energy Storage reports that using desulfators can recover up to 50% of lost capacity in older batteries, providing a valuable tool for maintenance.
Keep Connections Tight and Secure:
Keeping connections tight and secure minimizes resistance and ensures efficiency. Loose connections can cause sparking or overheating, compromising safety. Regularly checking and tightening terminals can prevent this risk.
Limit Exposure to Extreme Temperatures:
Limiting exposure to extreme temperatures helps protect deep cycle batteries. High temperatures accelerate chemical reactions that can degrade internal components. Conversely, low temperatures can impair charging. The International Energy Agency emphasizes the importance of temperature control for maintaining optimal battery performance.

By following these best practices, users can significantly enhance the lifespan and effectiveness of deep cycle batteries.

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