Replace Battery In Galaxy S6 Active: Quick DIY Guide With Step-by-Step Instructions [Updated On- 2025]

To replace the battery in a Samsung Galaxy S6 Active, start by heating the edges for about 60 seconds to loosen the adhesive. Carefully remove the back cover. Remember to discharge the battery below 25% first. For detailed instructions and the tools needed, check an online repair guide.

First, gather necessary tools. You will need a replacement battery, a suction cup, a plastic prying tool, and a Phillips screwdriver. Next, power off your Galaxy S6 Active to ensure safety.

Apply the suction cup to the back cover, then gently pull it up while inserting the plastic prying tool into the gap. Carefully pry open the back cover without damaging the device. Once open, locate the battery. Use the Phillips screwdriver to remove the screws securing the battery connector.

Disconnect the battery by lifting the connector away from the motherboard. Remove the old battery from the device and place the new battery in its position. Reconnect the battery by pressing the connector back onto the motherboard.

Finally, reattach the back cover securely and power on your Galaxy S6 Active. You have successfully replaced the battery.

In the next section, we will examine common issues with the Galaxy S6 Active battery and how to troubleshoot them effectively.

# Table of Contents

Why Might You Need to Replace the Battery in Your Galaxy S6 Active?

You might need to replace the battery in your Galaxy S6 Active if the device shows signs of reduced battery life or fails to hold a charge. Over time, batteries degrade, affecting performance.

According to the Consumer Electronics Association, a rechargeable battery’s lifespan is typically limited by the number of charge cycles it undergoes. Each cycle reduces its overall capacity.

Several factors contribute to battery deterioration. First, the natural aging process affects lithium-ion batteries, which are used in smartphones. As they age, their capacity to hold charge diminishes. Second, frequent charging and discharging can lead to increased wear. Lastly, exposure to heat can accelerate the chemical reactions within the battery, causing it to fail prematurely.

A lithium-ion battery operates by moving lithium ions between the positive (cathode) and negative (anode) terminals during charging and discharging. When these ions are unable to move freely due to degradation, the battery cannot hold an adequate charge.

Specific conditions can lead to battery issues. For instance, leaving your phone plugged in overnight can cause overheating, which damages the battery. Likewise, using the phone while it charges can generate extra heat. In addition, prolonged use without proper maintenance can lead to excessive cycle counts, which reduces battery performance.

In summary, if your Galaxy S6 Active experiences reduced battery life or charging issues, replacing the battery may be necessary. Factors like aging, heat exposure, and high cycle counts can contribute to this decline in performance.

What Symptoms Indicate a Failing Battery?

Symptoms that indicate a failing battery include a decrease in battery life, inability to hold a charge, swelling of the battery, and device overheating.

Decreased battery life
Inability to hold a charge
Swelling of the battery
Device overheating

These symptoms can help users identify battery issues. Understanding these indicators can assist in timely battery replacement, ensuring optimal device performance.

Decreased Battery Life: A decreased battery life refers to the device discharging more quickly than normal. This can indicate battery aging or damage, which can be caused by numerous charging cycles. According to a study by Battery University, any battery that consumes over 1000 cycles begins to lose efficiency. Users may notice that their device requires more frequent charging.
Inability to Hold a Charge: An inability to hold a charge describes a situation where a battery fails to maintain power levels even when fully charged. This may be due to internal battery degradation. Research from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) notes that chemical reactions within the battery can lead to such failures over time. Users experiencing this symptom may find their devices shutting off unexpectedly, even with apparent power remaining.
Swelling of the Battery: Battery swelling occurs when gases build up within the battery casing, causing it to expand. This is typically a sign of a failing lithium-ion battery. The Consumer Product Safety Commission identifies swelling as a potentially hazardous condition that can lead to leaks, ruptures, or even fires. Users should check for physical changes to the battery’s shape or casing.
Device Overheating: Device overheating happens when the battery generates excessive heat during standard operations or charging. This symptom may indicate a short circuit or other malfunctions within the battery. A report from the Fire Protection Research Foundation highlights that overheating can lead to thermal runaway, which poses fire risks. Users should monitor their devices for unusual temperature increases, especially during charge cycles.

What Tools Are Essential for Replacing the Battery in a Galaxy S6 Active?

To replace the battery in a Galaxy S6 Active, several essential tools are required.

Phillips screwdriver
Plastic prying tool or spudger
Tweezers
Suction cup tool
ESD-safe wrist strap (optional)

Having these tools will streamline the battery replacement process.

1. Phillips Screwdriver:

A Phillips screwdriver is essential for removing the screws that secure the phone’s back cover. This tool is commonly used for various smartphones and electronic devices. Having the correct size ensures that you can easily unscrew without damaging the screws or surrounding components.

2. Plastic Prying Tool or Spudger:

A plastic prying tool or spudger is necessary for safely separating the phone’s back panel from its frame. This tool prevents damage to the casing and internal components during the process. It is preferable to use plastic over metal to reduce the risk of electrical shorts. Many DIY enthusiasts recommend having multiple plastic tools on hand to make the job easier.

3. Tweezers:

Tweezers are useful for handling small screws and connectors when replacing the battery. They provide precision in grasping tiny components that fingers may struggle to hold. This can be particularly handy when reassembling the device.

4. Suction Cup Tool:

A suction cup tool assists in lifting the back cover without applying excessive force. It creates a secure grip on the glass surface, allowing for a controlled removal process. This minimizes the risk of cracking or scratching the phone during battery replacement.

5. ESD-Safe Wrist Strap (Optional):

Wearing an ESD-safe wrist strap can help prevent static electricity from damaging sensitive electronic components during the repair. Static electricity can potentially cause malfunction or failure of internal parts. This tool is often recommended for those who frequently work on electronic devices.

Having the right tools is imperative for a successful battery replacement, ensuring safety and efficiency while minimizing the risk of damage to the device.

Are There Any Special Tools Required for This Process?

Yes, there are special tools required for replacing the battery in a Galaxy S6 Active. A few essential tools can make the process easier and more effective. These tools typically include a heat gun or hairdryer, suction cup, plastic prying tools, and a Phillips screwdriver.

In comparison to other smartphone battery replacements, the tools needed for the Galaxy S6 Active are fairly standard. Many smartphones require similar equipment, such as a suction cup and prying tools. However, the Galaxy S6 Active’s design may necessitate careful heat application to loosen adhesive, which is less common in other models. For example, some phones have battery compartments that allow easier access without heat, while the S6 Active’s design does not.

The benefits of using the correct tools include a higher chance of successfully replacing the battery without damaging the phone. Using specialized tools reduces the risk of scratching surfaces and damaging internal components. A report from iFixit shows that using the right tools can improve repair outcomes and maximize device longevity.

On the downside, using improper tools can lead to significant damage. If users attempt to use metal objects instead of plastic prying tools, they risk scratching the screen or damaging internal circuitry. Moreover, a study by Repair.org emphasizes that inadequate tools often result in long-term battery issues, debt repairs, or complete device failure.

I recommend gathering all necessary tools before starting the process. Consider watching tutorial videos to familiarize yourself with each step. If you are uncomfortable performing the replacement, seeking professional help may be the best course of action. Always ensure that you purchase a quality replacement battery to ensure optimal performance.

How Do You Power Down the Galaxy S6 Active Safely Before Starting the Replacement?

To power down the Galaxy S6 Active safely before starting the replacement, follow a few simple steps to ensure the device is turned off properly.

First, press and hold the Power button. This button is located on the right side of the phone. The action prompts an options menu to appear on the screen. Next, tap the “Power Off” option. This selection will initiate the shutdown process.

After tapping “Power Off,” confirm your choice if prompted. This confirmation ensures that you intend to turn off the device. Wait for the screen to go completely dark. This step indicates that the phone is fully powered down.

Finally, if the phone does not respond, you can perform a forced shutdown. Press and hold both the Power and Volume Down buttons simultaneously for about 10 seconds. This action forces the device to shut down, even if it is unresponsive.

By following these steps, you ensure that the Galaxy S6 Active is safely powered down, which will prevent any potential damage during the battery replacement process.

Why Is It Important to Power Down the Device?

Powering down a device is important for several reasons. It helps preserve battery life, protects the operating system, and prevents potential hardware issues. Regularly shutting down devices can lead to optimal performance and longevity.

According to the International Journal of Computer Applications, regular power cycling can enhance system reliability and extend the life of electronic devices. This journal emphasizes the necessity of proper management of device states to prevent performance degradation.

The primary reasons for powering down devices include reducing heat buildup, conserving battery life, and allowing the system to refresh. Excessive heat can damage internal components and lead to system failures. Additionally, powering off a device gives the operating system an opportunity to reset and clear temporary cache data.

Technical aspects include the operating system’s cache management and thermal performance. The cache is a storage area that saves data for quick access. Over time, it can become cluttered, resulting in sluggish performance. When a device is powered down, it clears this cache, allowing for a fresh start. Thermal performance refers to how well a device dissipates heat. If not managed, heat can lead to thermal throttling, which slows down processing speeds.

Specific conditions that encourage the need to power down devices include prolonged usage, heavy application activity, and charging practices. For example, frequently using resource-intensive applications, like graphic design software or high-performance games, can generate excessive heat. In such cases, shutting down the device can help cool it down and restore efficiency.

In summary, powering down devices is essential for preserving battery life, managing thermal performance, and ensuring smooth operation. Regularly implementing this practice can contribute to a device’s overall health and longevity.

What Are the Step-by-Step Instructions for Removing the Back Cover of the Galaxy S6 Active?

To remove the back cover of the Galaxy S6 Active, follow these step-by-step instructions.

Gather necessary tools: you will need a suction cup, plastic opening tool, and a heat source.
Heat the edges of the device.
Use the suction cup to create a gap.
Insert the plastic opening tool into the gap.
Carefully work the tool around the edges to detach the back cover.
Gently lift the back cover off.

These instructions provide a clear approach to the removal process. Opinions regarding the difficulty of this task may vary. Some users find it straightforward, while others may worry about damaging the device. Additionally, some technicians recommend seeking professional help if inexperienced at DIY repairs.

Gather Necessary Tools:
Gathering the tools beforehand simplifies the process and ensures you have everything in one place. Essential items include a suction cup, plastic opening tool, and a heat source, like a heat gun or hairdryer. These tools are crucial for safely prying off the back cover without causing damage.
Heat the Edges of the Device:
Heating the edges of the Galaxy S6 Active helps soften the adhesive that holds the back cover in place. This step is essential to prevent cracking the glass while removing the cover. Users should apply low heat for a few seconds, taking care not to overheat or damage the internal components.
Use the Suction Cup to Create a Gap:
Using a suction cup creates a gap at the edge of the device. This step allows for easier insertion of the plastic opening tool. It is critical to lift with sufficient force so that the suction grip is secure without applying unnecessary pressure to the screen.
Insert the Plastic Opening Tool into the Gap:
Inserting the plastic opening tool into the gap is crucial for detaching the back cover. Users should carefully angle the tool and avoid damaging the internal components. It is advisable to move slowly and steadily around the device’s edges.
Carefully Work the Tool Around the Edges:
Carefully working the tool around the edges helps to fully detach the adhesive. This step requires patience and a steady hand. Users should apply slight pressure to ensure the adhesive is being separated without forcing the back cover off abruptly.
Gently Lift the Back Cover Off:
Gently lifting the back cover off is the final step. Users should take care not to rip any ribbons or connectors. Once removed, individuals can proceed with their repairs or battery replacement tasks.

Following these steps will allow users to safely and effectively remove the back cover of the Galaxy S6 Active without damaging the device.

How Do You Handle the Back Cover Safely?

To handle the back cover of a device safely, use gentle pressure, a plastic tool, and proper techniques to avoid damage.

First, prepare the device by ensuring it is powered off. This minimizes the risk of electrical damage or accidental activation. Next, gather the necessary tools, typically a plastic opening tool or a spudger. This prevents scratches or breaks compared to using metal tools.

Gently locate the gap: Most devices have a small gap around the edge of the back cover. Identify this area for a safe entry point.
Insert the tool: Use the plastic tool to carefully pry open the cover. Start at the gap, applying slight pressure to avoid cracking the cover.
Work around the edges: Move along the perimeter of the device, gently lifting the back cover. This method reduces stress on any one area.
Avoid force: If the back cover does not budge, do not force it. Check for any screws or clips that may need to be removed first.
Replace carefully: After replacing or working inside the device, align the back cover properly. Press gently to ensure it snaps into place without excessive force.

Taking these precautions will protect the back cover and the device itself, preserving both functionality and appearance during any necessary servicing.

How Can You Disconnect the Old Battery from the Galaxy S6 Active Properly?

To disconnect the old battery from the Galaxy S6 Active properly, follow these sequential steps: power off the device, remove the back cover, locate the battery connector, and carefully detach the battery.

Power off the device: Ensure that the Galaxy S6 Active is completely turned off to prevent any electrical shorts or damage during the battery removal process. Hold the power button until the display prompts you to power off, then confirm the selection.
Remove the back cover: Use a plastic opening tool or your fingernail to gently pry open the back cover starting from one of the corners. Work your way around the edges to prevent breaking the cover. This task requires patience to avoid damaging the device.
Locate the battery connector: After removing the back cover, find the battery connector located near the battery itself. This connector holds the battery in place and connects it to the motherboard. The connector is typically a small, flat piece with a plastic covering.
Carefully detach the battery: Use plastic tweezers or prying tools to gently lift the battery connector straight up from the motherboard. Ensure not to pull too hard. If the battery is glued in place, apply a little heat using a hairdryer to soften the adhesive before removal. Avoid using metal tools to prevent damage.

Following these steps ensures that you safely disconnect the old battery without causing damage to your Galaxy S6 Active, thus maintaining the integrity of the device.

What Precautions Should You Take While Disconnecting the Battery?

When disconnecting a battery, it is essential to take certain precautions to ensure safety and prevent damage to your vehicle or device.

Wear safety goggles.
Use gloves.
Disconnect the negative terminal first.
Avoid using metal tools.
Secure the vehicle or device to prevent movement.
Ensure the area is well-ventilated.
Keep flammable materials away.
Have a fire extinguisher nearby.

Taking these precautions helps ensure a safe disconnection process. Now, let’s explore each precaution in more detail to understand their importance.

Wear Safety Goggles: Wearing safety goggles protects your eyes from battery acid and sparks. Batteries contain corrosive materials that can cause serious injury. According to OSHA, eye protection must meet safety standards to minimize risk of injury when handling hazardous materials.
Use Gloves: Gloves provide a barrier between your hands and harmful substances. Latex or rubber gloves are suitable options. They prevent skin contact with acid or other corrosive materials and reduce the risk of electrical shock.
Disconnect the Negative Terminal First: Disconnecting the negative terminal first minimizes the risk of short-circuiting the battery. This practice is crucial because it isolates the battery from the electrical system of the vehicle or device. If you were to disconnect the positive terminal first, a tool touching the vehicle’s frame could create a short circuit.
Avoid Using Metal Tools: Metal tools can accidentally create a connection between the battery terminals or between the battery and the vehicle frame. This connection can produce sparks or cause short-circuiting, which might result in injury or battery explosion. Use insulated tools to safely handle battery connections.
Secure the Vehicle or Device to Prevent Movement: Ensure that the vehicle is in park, and if using a device, place it on a stable surface. This precaution prevents unintended movement or rolling, which could lead to injury or damage during the battery disconnection process.
Ensure the Area is Well-Ventilated: Working in a well-ventilated area minimizes the risk of inhaling harmful fumes that batteries can emit, especially lead-acid batteries. Proper ventilation reduces the concentration of potentially explosive gases such as hydrogen.
Keep Flammable Materials Away: Batteries can emit gases that are flammable. Keeping flammable materials away from the work area reduces the risk of fire or explosion. This is an important safety measure that should not be overlooked.
Have a Fire Extinguisher Nearby: Keeping a fire extinguisher rated for electrical fires nearby ensures a quick response in case of an emergency. It is a critical safety measure in case batteries malfunction or emit flames due to a short circuit.

By following these precautions, you can effectively minimize risks associated with battery disconnection.

What Are the Guidelines for Installing the New Battery in the Galaxy S6 Active?

The guidelines for installing a new battery in the Galaxy S6 Active are straightforward. Follow the steps carefully to ensure proper installation and functionality.

Gather necessary tools.
Power off the device.
Remove the back cover.
Disconnect the old battery.
Install the new battery.
Reconnect the back cover.

Understanding these steps creates a foundation for a successful battery replacement. It’s essential to consider proper tools and techniques for optimal outcomes.

Gather Necessary Tools:
Gather necessary tools for battery installation. You will typically need a small Phillips screwdriver, a plastic prying tool, and a suction cup for easier handling. Having the right tools helps avoid damage to the device during the process.
Power Off the Device:
Power off the device before starting the battery replacement. This precaution prevents accidental damage to the electronics and ensures your safety during the installation.
Remove the Back Cover:
Remove the back cover of the Galaxy S6 Active carefully. Use the plastic prying tool to separate the back cover from the main body, applying gentle pressure to avoid scratching or damaging it.
Disconnect the Old Battery:
Disconnect the old battery by gently lifting its connector. Ensure you handle the delicate connectors cautiously to avoid breaking them. It may help to use a spudger or a similar tool to ease the disconnection.
Install the New Battery:
Install the new battery in the same orientation as the old battery. Ensure the connectors align correctly. A properly fitted battery is crucial for optimal device performance.
Reconnect the Back Cover:
Reconnect the back cover by pressing it firmly in place. Ensure all clips are engaging correctly. A secure fit prevents dust and moisture from entering the device.

By following these guidelines, you can confidently replace the battery in your Galaxy S6 Active. Always make sure you follow the steps sequentially for the best results.

How Do You Ensure the New Battery Is Installed Correctly?

To ensure the new battery is installed correctly, you should follow specific steps including checking battery orientation, connecting terminals securely, and ensuring there are no obstructions.

First, check the battery orientation. The positive and negative terminals are clearly marked. The positive terminal usually has a “+” sign, while the negative has a “-” sign. Misconnecting these leads can lead to battery malfunctions or damage. Second, connect the terminals securely. Ensure that the battery terminals fit snugly onto the connectors. Loose connections may cause the device to malfunction. Third, ensure there are no obstructions. Inspect the battery compartment for dust or debris that could interfere with the battery’s proper fit or the device’s functioning.

By adhering to these steps, you can prevent potential issues and ensure optimal battery performance.

How Do You Reattach the Back Cover After Replacing the Battery?

To reattach the back cover after replacing the battery, align the cover properly with the device and apply pressure until it securely clicks into place.

First, ensure all components are properly positioned. Follow these steps for effective reattachment:

Clean the edges: Wipe the edges of the device to remove any dust or residue. This allows for a better seal and helps avoid any gaps between the cover and the device.
Position the cover: Align the back cover with the device. Start from one side, making sure that all clips or tabs match up with their respective slots on the device.
Press firmly: Firmly press down on the back cover. Start from one side and move to the opposite side. Ensure that each side is secured correctly as you go along. The cover should click into place, indicating that it is secured.
Check alignment: After applying pressure, inspect the edges of the cover. Ensure that there are no gaps between the device and the cover. This is crucial to maintain the device’s protection against dust and moisture.
Final check: Gently press around the edges again to confirm that the back cover is firmly attached. If the cover feels loose, repeat the pressing process along the edges until it feels secure.

By following these steps, the back cover should be reattached securely, providing protection for the new battery and maintaining the integrity of the device.

What Should You Check Before Final Closure?

To ensure a smooth final closure, several important checks should be made.

Review all contractual obligations.
Verify financial statements and transactions.
Ensure compliance with legal requirements.
Assess asset disposal and inventory management.
Collect feedback from stakeholders.
Confirm project deliverables and outcomes.
Document lessons learned and best practices.

Making these checks helps to prevent oversight and supports effective project closure.

Review All Contractual Obligations: Reviewing all contractual obligations ensures that the project has met its commitments. Organizations must check if all deliverables have been completed and if services rendered align with the terms agreed upon in contracts. According to a report by the Project Management Institute (PMI, 2020), failing to review contracts can lead to disputes and potential legal issues.
Verify Financial Statements and Transactions: Verifying financial statements and transactions provides clarity on the project’s financial health. This involves ensuring that all expenses, revenues, and accounting records are complete and accurate. Proper financial checks can reveal discrepancies and prevent future financial problems. A study by Deloitte in 2021 indicated that rigorous financial verification can lower the risk of financial mismanagement.
Ensure Compliance with Legal Requirements: Ensuring compliance with legal requirements safeguards the organization against potential lawsuits or sanctions. This step involves reviewing all applicable laws, regulations, and industry standards. Failure to comply can lead to significant legal issues, as highlighted in a case study by McKinsey & Company (2019) regarding compliance failures leading to heavy fines.
Assess Asset Disposal and Inventory Management: Assessing asset disposal and inventory management is critical for accurate accounting and resource allocation. Organizations should review their asset lists and ensure proper disposal of any unneeded assets, in line with organizational policies. The American Management Association reports that mismanagement of assets can lead to financial loss and operational inefficiencies.
Collect Feedback from Stakeholders: Collecting feedback from stakeholders can provide valuable insights into the project’s effectiveness. Engaging with stakeholders helps identify areas for improvement and can influence future projects. According to research by Harvard Business Review (2020), incorporating stakeholder feedback is essential for continuous improvement and relationship building.
Confirm Project Deliverables and Outcomes: Confirming project deliverables and outcomes ensures that all goals have been achieved as planned. This involves reviewing documentation and performance metrics to assess the project’s success against its initial objectives. A report from the Association for Project Management (2021) emphasized that proper confirmation of deliverables enhances accountability and transparency.
Document Lessons Learned and Best Practices: Documenting lessons learned and best practices facilitates organizational growth. This step involves capturing insights gained throughout the project to improve future endeavors. According to a study in the International Journal of Project Management (2021), organizations that consistently document lessons show better project outcomes over time.

What Tips Can Help You Test the New Battery in Your Galaxy S6 Active?

To effectively test the new battery in your Galaxy S6 Active, follow several key tips to ensure proper functionality.

Fully charge the battery before use.
Monitor battery performance in different apps.
Check for battery overheating during use.
Use battery calibration apps for accuracy.
Observe charging time and discharging rate.
Conduct a factory reset if issues arise.

Transitioning from these tips, it is essential to understand the reasons behind each recommendation.

Fully charge the battery before use: Fully charging the battery allows you to establish a baseline for performance. New batteries may require a full charge cycle to operate optimally. This step ensures that the battery is calibrated properly with the device.
Monitor battery performance in different apps: Monitoring battery performance across various applications provides insight into how the battery drains under different workloads. Some apps may consume more power, allowing you to identify any potential issues with battery capacity or device performance.
Check for battery overheating during use: Overheating can indicate underlying problems with the battery. A well-functioning battery should not get excessively hot during normal operation. Consistent overheating can lead to battery damage or even safety hazards.
Use battery calibration apps for accuracy: Battery calibration apps help to optimize the battery’s performance by aligning the software to the battery’s actual state. These apps can reset the battery statistics, enhancing accuracy in power readings and prolonging battery life.
Observe charging time and discharging rate: Keeping track of how long it takes to charge and how quickly the battery discharges can help you determine its health. A battery that charges slowly or discharges quickly may need replacement sooner than expected.
Conduct a factory reset if issues arise: If the battery behaves erratically even after following the above steps, performing a factory reset can rule out software issues. This process restores the device to its original settings, eliminating any potential software conflicts affecting battery performance.

These steps will help you assess the new battery’s performance and troubleshoot any possible issues effectively.

How Do You Ensure Optimal Battery Performance After Replacement?

To ensure optimal battery performance after replacement, follow these key practices: properly calibrate the new battery, avoid extreme temperatures, maintain appropriate charging habits, use the correct charger, and monitor battery health regularly. Each of these practices contributes significantly to the longevity and efficiency of the battery.

Proper calibration involves draining the new battery completely before charging it to 100%. This practice helps the battery establish an accurate charge level. Once the battery is fully charged, use it until it reaches around 20% before recharging.
Avoiding extreme temperatures is crucial. High heat can degrade battery life, while extremely cold conditions can temporarily shorten performance. Ideally, maintain the battery and device within a temperature range of 32°F to 95°F (0°C to 35°C).
Charging habits play a vital role in battery performance. Avoid letting the battery discharge to 0% frequently, as this can shorten its lifespan. Keep the battery level between 20% and 80% for optimal longevity.
Using the correct charger is essential. Third-party chargers may not provide the necessary voltage and current, which can lead to inefficient charging and potential damage. Always use the manufacturer’s recommended charger to ensure proper power delivery.
Monitoring battery health can help identify potential issues early. Many smartphones have built-in settings to check battery health, while apps can provide detailed insights. Regularly checking for updates and battery performance can help maintain optimal usability.

By following these practices, you can significantly enhance the lifespan and performance of your newly replaced battery, ensuring it operates effectively.

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