A rechargeable battery has two main parts: electrode materials and electrolytes. Common battery types are lead-acid, zinc-air, nickel-cadmium (NiCd), nickel-metal hydride (NiMH), lithium-ion (Li-ion), lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), and lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer). Each type differs in energy storage and performance.
The electrolyte facilitates the movement of ions between the anode and cathode, allowing the battery to charge and discharge efficiently. It is usually a liquid, gel, or solid that contains ionic compounds. The separator is a permeable material that prevents direct contact between the anode and cathode, which could lead to short-circui
When the battery is charged, ions move from the cathode to the anode. During discharge, the process reverses, releasing energy for use. Understanding these components helps in appreciating their function and the factors influencing battery performance.
In the next section, we will delve deeper into different types of rechargeable batteries. We will explore how the construction and materials of these batteries affect their efficiency, lifespan, and applications in various technology sectors.
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